Book Questions

1. Distinguish between the study of anatomy and the study of physiology.
Answer: Anatomy is the study of the body. Physiology is the study of the functions of the structures that make up the human body.

2. Give an example that shows the relationship between the structure and function of body parts.
Answer: a stomach is a pouch and its structure is to store food and break it down.

3. List the levels of organization within the human body in reference to a specific organ.
Answer: Heart- circulatory system-muscle cells.

4. Distinguish between a midsagittal cut, a transverse cut, and a frontal cut.
Answer: Midsagittal- line of symmetry. Transverse cut- cuts the body in top and bottom halves. Frontal cut- cuts the body into front and back halves.

5. Distinguish between the dorsal and ventral body cavities, and name two smaller cavities that occur within each.
Answer. Dorsal- is the cavity in the back, cranial cavity, spinal cavity. Ventral –the cavity in the front, thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity.

6. Define Homeostasis, and explain its importance.
Answer: Maintaining a stable environment, Consistency of conditions, anatomically it is keeping the internal body in a constant condition no matter the external conditions surrounding the body.

Objectives Questions 19-25

19. thyroid gland- G endocrine system
20. lungs- C respiratory system
21. heart – D circulatory system
22. ovaries- G endocrine system
23. brain- F nervous system
24. stomach- A digestive stomach
25. kidney- B urinary system
26. A cell is composed of several types of tissues and performs a particular function.
27. The imaginary plane that passes through the midline of the body is called the transverse plane
28. All the organ systems of the body together function to maintain homeostasis.

Medical terminology reinforcement

1. Gastrectomy means excision of the stomach.
2. Macrocephalus means large head.
3. Transthoracic means across the chest
4. Bilateral means two or both sides.
5. Dorsalgia means pain in the back
6. Endocrinolgy means the study of the endocrine system.

Study Questions

1. Describe the structure and function of endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum forms a membranous system of tubular canals and branches throughout the cytoplasm.

2. Describe the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus.
Answer: secretes a product

3. Describe the structure and function of mitochondria mention the energy molecule ATP in your description.
Answer: It produces ATP molecules, burns glucose to produce ATP.

4. Contrast passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, and filtration) with active transport of molecules across the plasma membrane.
Answer: active is the movement requires energy, passive just happens.

Objective Questions:

Part 1.

1. packaging and secretion – Golgi apparatus.
2. Cell division – Centriole
3. Powerhouses of the cell- Mitochondria
4. Protein Synthesis- Rough ER
5. Control center for the cell- Nucleus

Objective Questions pg. 61

1. what is a tissue- group of similar cells that performs a specialized function.
2. What are the functions of epithelial tissue, and give location for each- protects the body from drying out, injury, and bacterial invasion.
3. What are the functions of connective tissue? Name the different kinds of connective tissue and give a location for each.- binds structures together, provides support and protection, fills spaces produces blood cells and stores fat.
4. What types of cells does nervous tissue contain? Which organs in the body are made up of nervous tissue? – Found in the brain and spinal cord contains conducting cells called neutrons.