integumentary text questions

Critical Thinking

3. As a rule, a superficial partial- thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissues. How would you explain this observation?
Answer: a superficial burn heals quickly with no scarring. The area is warm and red.

6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when exercising in warm weather?
Answer: I would tell them that exercising in the summer would be putting them at risk of having a heat stroke so they should always drink water and Gatorade to keep the body from getting dehydrated.

8. How is skin peeling after a sever sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective?
Answer: when the skin peels the wound can heal and new skin can form.

Review Exercises

1. List six functions of skin.
Answer: Protective covering, helps regulate body temperature, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals, and excretes waste.

2. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis.
Answer: Epidermis- outer epithelial layer of the skin, Dermis- The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis.

3. Describe the Subcutaneous layer.
Answer: Beneath the skin

4. List the layers of the epidermis
Answer: Squamous epithelium, Stratum basale.

5. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle.
Answer: A hair is something that appears everywhere on the body, a hair follicle is a tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops.

6. Describe how nails are formed?
Answer: they are produced by epidermal cells that under go keratinization.

7. Explain the function of sebaceous glands.
Answer: to produce oils

8. Describe the body’s response to decreasing body temperature.
Answer: blood vessels constrict, causing the skin to lose color, and sweat glands become inactive.

9. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color.
Answer: Each person inherits genes for melanin production, Dark skin is due to genes that cause large amounts of melanin to be produced; lighter skin is due to genes that cause lesser amounts of melanin to form. Mutant genes may cause a lack of melanin in the skin.

10. Distinguish among first second and third degree burns.
Answer: first degree- only the epidermis, second degree- all epidermis and some dermis, third degree- destroys epidermis and dermis

11. Describe possible treatments for a third- degree burn
Answer: surgery in a burn unit.

12. list three effects of aging on skin.
Answer: age spots, liver spots , wrinkling and sagging.